STATURESTATURE Mechanics
All values on this page are computed at build time from the STATURE physics engine using peer-reviewed anthropometric models. You may cite these tables; please attribute them to STATURE Mechanics (stature.pro) and note the underlying sources listed below each table.
Demand factor for a 1.78 m, 85 kg male across four primary lifts. A demand factor above 1.0 means the lift is mechanically harder than average for that body type; below 1.0 means mechanically easier. The “vs Average” column shows the percentage difference versus an average-proportioned lifter at the same height and weight. Green = advantaged, red = disadvantaged.
| Body Type | Squat | Deadlift | Bench Press | Pull-up |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Long Legs / Long Arms | 1.936 +1.7% | 3.753 -16.3% | 1.271 +11.4% | 1.351 +6.8% |
| Long Legs / Short Arms | 1.936 +1.7% | 4.543 +1.3% | 1.010 -11.4% | 1.180 -6.7% |
| Average Proportions | 1.904 +0.0% | 4.486 +0.0% | 1.141 +0.0% | 1.265 +0.0% |
| Short Legs / Long Arms | 1.794 -5.8% | 4.084 -9.0% | 1.271 +11.4% | 1.351 +6.8% |
| Short Legs / Short Arms | 1.794 -5.8% | 4.881 +8.8% | 1.010 -11.4% | 1.180 -6.7% |
| Long Torso / Short Legs | 1.695 -11.0% | 4.453 -0.7% | 1.141 +0.0% | 1.265 +0.0% |
Sources: Winter, D.A. (2009). Biomechanics and Motor Control of Human Movement. de Leva, P. (1996). J Biomechanics 29(9):1223–1230. Reference: 1.78 m male, 85 kg, average proportions (0 SD offset on all segments). SD offset ±1.5 corresponds to approximately ±6.75% change in segment length.
Vertical bar displacement (cm) at average proportions for a 80 kg male at a 100 kg reference load. Squat: high bar, normal stance, parallel depth. Deadlift: conventional. Bench press: medium grip, moderate arch. OHP: strict. Taller lifters have greater ROM in the squat and deadlift, increasing mechanical work per rep for any given load.
| Height | Squat ROM (cm) | Deadlift ROM (cm) | Bench ROM (cm) | OHP ROM (cm) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 160 cm | 66.5 | 55.8 | 30.8 | 57.9 |
| 170 cm | 70.7 | 60.7 | 34.5 | 61.5 |
| 180 cm | 75.0 | 65.6 | 38.2 | 65.1 |
| 190 cm | 79.2 | 70.5 | 41.8 | 68.7 |
Sources: Winter (2009) segment ratios. Squat kinematics validated against Schoenfeld, B.J. (2010). J Strength Cond Res 24(12):3497–3506. All values assume average proportions (0 SD offset), 80 kg body mass, 100 kg external load.
Among the six body types modeled above, the body type with the lowest demand factor for each lift — i.e., the most mechanically favored proportions at standard height and weight.
| Lift | Most Advantaged Body Type | Demand Factor | vs Average |
|---|---|---|---|
| Squat | Long Torso / Short Legs | 1.695 | -11.0% |
| Deadlift | Long Legs / Long Arms | 3.753 | -16.3% |
| Bench Press | Long Legs / Short Arms | 1.010 | -11.4% |
| Pull-up | Long Legs / Short Arms | 1.180 | -6.7% |
Sources: STATURE biomechanics engine (Winter 2009, Dempster 1955, de Leva 1996). “Most advantaged” is defined as lowest demand factor among the six body-type profiles modeled. 1.78 m male, 85 kg. Body types use ±1.5 SD segment offsets (approximately ±6.75% per segment group).
If you use these values in a blog post, coaching article, or research paper, please cite them as:
STATURE Mechanics. (2025). Biomechanics Statistics — Citable Data. Retrieved from https://stature.pro/science/statistics. Underlying anthropometric sources: Winter (2009), Dempster (1955), de Leva (1996).
All values are recomputed at each site build from the same physics engine that powers the interactive tools. If values change between builds, it reflects an update to the engine — check the methodology page for change history.